Family

Filistatidae

Crevice weavers build radiating mats of woolly cribellate silk spreading out from a hole in masonry, stucco, or rock. The southern house spider of the southern United States is the family's most familiar member, with dark bulky females and long-legged tan males often mistaken for recluses.

Diagnostic characters

  • Compact eye group on a raised central tubercle
  • Ragged fan of woolly silk radiating from a hole in stucco, brick, or siding
  • Female dark grey-brown and heavy-bodied; male tan and long-legged
  • Cribellum and calamistrum present
  • Retreat is a persistent silk tube occupied for years

Habitat and seasonality

Exterior masonry, stucco walls, brick mortar joints, block foundations, tree bark, and rock crevices in warm regions.

Year-round in warm climates. Male wandering peaks in spring and autumn.

Medical significance

None documented. The species is frequently mistaken for a recluse, which drives unnecessary alarm.

Confusion with recluse spiders

Male Kukulcania hibernalis is one of the most commonly submitted false recluse specimens in the southern United States. It is tan, long-legged, and wanders indoors. The decisive characters are the eight eyes on a central tubercle versus six eyes in three pairs, and the presence of a woolly cribellate web fan on the exterior wall, which recluses never produce.

Families most often confused with Filistatidae

FamilyHow to separate it
SicariidaeRecluses have six eyes in three pairs, uniformly pale legs, and no cribellate silk
SegestriidaeTube web spiders orient the first three leg pairs forward and have six eyes
AgelenidaeFunnel weavers produce smooth non-cribellate sheet silk and have projecting spinnerets

Profiled species in this family

SpeciesScientific nameMedical significance
Southern House SpiderKukulcania hibernalislow

References

  1. [1]World Spider Catalog, version 26 - Natural History Museum Bern. Accessed 2026-06-14.
  2. [2]Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual, 2nd ed. - American Arachnological Society. Accessed 2026-06-14.
  3. [3]Common Spiders of North America - University of California Press. Accessed 2026-06-14.